ARSLANTEPE II - PERIOD VII. THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CEREMONIAL/POLITICAL CENTRE IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE FOURTH MILLENNIUM BCE (LATE CHALCOLITHIC 3-4)
di
- Anno Edizione:
- 2019
- Collana/Rivista:
- ARSLANTEPE. Scavi e Ricerche ad Arslantepe-Malatya - Excavations and Researches at Arslantepe-Malatya
- Casa Editrice:
- Arbor Sapientiae Editore - Roma
- Argomento:
- Archeologia del Vicino Oriente
- ISBN:
- 978-88-31341-11-0
Prezzo: € 120.00
Descrizione:
Missione Archeologica Italiana nellโAnatolia Orientaleย
Sapienza Universitร di Roma -ย Dipartimento di Scienze dellโAntichitร
ARSLANTEPE vol. II
PERIOD VII -ย THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CEREMONIAL/POLITICAL CENTRE IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE FOURTH MILLENNIUM BCE (LATE CHALCOLITHIC 3-4)
Francesca Balossi Restelli
Volume rilegato in tela verde con impressioni in argento e sovraccoperta, in 4ยฐ, 713 pp., ill.ni b/n e coll. 3 tavv. ripiegate f.t.
Arslantepe II - Period VII.
The Development of a Ceremonial/Political Centre in the first half of
the fourth millennium BCE (Late Chalcolithic 3-4)
Francesca Balossi Restelli
With contributions of C. Alvaro, L. Bartosiewicz, S. Cereda, Y.S.
Erdal, P. Fragnoli, M. Frangipane, G. Liberotti, A. Masi, C. Vignola.
Editor of the series is M. Frangipane
120 euro
Hardcover
713 pages
ISBN 978-88-31341-11-0
TABLE O F CONTENTS
PREFACE/PREFAZIONE (M. FRANGIPANE) Pag. 11
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ยป 15
INTRODUCTION ยป 17
CHAPTER I - PERIOD VII AT ARSLANTEPE ยป 19
I.1 General Sequence and main characters of the settlement in relation with the overall
occupation at Arslantepe ยป 19
I.1.1 he Dimensions of the Period VII mound ยป 24
I.2 Excavation results: stratigraphy and architecture ยป 24
I.2.1 he North-Eastern Sector: Area C3 (E1-E15) ยป 24
I.2.2 he South-Western Sector: Areas D6-E6-C7-D7 ยป 38
I.2.2.1 SW, VII 1a-b ยป 28
I. 2.2.2 SW VII, 2a ยป 85
I 2.2.3 SW VII, 2b ยป 89
I 2.2.4 SW VII, 3a ยป 93
I 2.2.5 SW VII, 3b ยป 106
I 2.2.6 SW Period VII selected midden pits ยป 108
I.2.3 he Southern Sector: Area B-C 9 ยป 110
I.2.4 he North-Western Sector: Area D5 ยป 110
I.2.4.1 D5 1 ยป 111
I.2.4.2 D5 2 ยป 111
I.2.4.3 D5 3 ยป 116
I.2.4.4 D5 4 ยป 117
I.2.4.5 D5 5 ยป 122
I.3 The built space and its use. Open and Closed spaces, private and shared areas, and fixed
installations ยป 125
I.3.1 Ovens ยป 129
I.3.2 Hearths and andirons ยป 133
I.3.3 Other built installations ยป 136
I.4 Wall Paintings ยป 136
CHAPTER II - ABSOLUTE CHRONOLOGY OF PERIOD VII ยป 142
II.1 Arslantepe VII Radiocarbon Dates ยป 142
II.2 Late Chalcolithic 3-4 absolute chronology of Upper Mesopotamian contemporary sites ยป 144
CHAPTER III โ ARCHITECTURAL ATTRIBUTES OF PUBLIC AND DOMESTIC
BUILDINGS IN PERIOD VII (C. ALVARO AND G. LIBEROTTI) ยป 148
III.1 Temple C. Architectural analysis (C. Alvaro) ยป 148
III.1.1 General Description ยป 150
III.1.2 he Platform ยป 155
6 F. Balossi Restelli
III.1.3 he Quarry and the Construction Site ยป 165
III.1.4 he shaping of the building ยป 169
III.2 Domestic architecture in Late Chalcolithic Arslantepe (G. Liberotti) ยป 171
III.2.1 Wall thickness, stone foundation and brickwork ยป 173
III.2.2 Size of rooms and buildings ยป 175
III.2.3 Access patterns and orientation ยป 177
III.2.4 he building materials ยป 183
III.2.5 Conclusion and discussion ยป 187
CHAPTER IV โ ASSEMBLAGE OF CRETULAE FROM THE END OF PERIOD VII:
ADMINISTERED REDISTRIBUTION IN CEREMONIAL CONTEXTS. PRELIMINARY
REMARKS (M. FRANGIPANE WITH CONTRIBUTION BY S. CEREDA) ยป 190
IV.1 The contexts (M. Frangipane) ยป 190
IV.1.1 he assemblage of cretulae from Temple C ยป 192
IV.1.2 he assemblage of cretulae from Temple D ยป 196
IV.1.3 he assemblage of cretulae from A850 ยป 203
IV.1.4 Groups of cretulae in two pits ยป 205
IV.2 The function of cretulae: Preliminary remarks on the sealed objects ยป 205
IV.3 Some general remarks on period VII glyptics ยป 211
IV.4 A few concluding remarks ยป 214
Appendix: Micromorphological analyses from the floor of the main room in Temple D:
reconstruction of activities and rebuilding phases (S. Cereda) ยป 216
CHAPTER V - LATE CHALCOLITHIC BURIALS AND FUNERARY RITUALS (F. BALOSSI
RESTELLI AND Y.S. ERDAL) ยป 222
V.1 The context of the burials (F. Balossi Restelli) ยป 222
V.2 The funerary and ritual area in level SW 1b ยป 225
V.3 Burial types and depositions ยป 236
V. 4 Burial goods ยป 237
V.5 Bioarchaeological analysis of human bones in period VII (Y.S. Erdal) ยป 241
V.6 Demographic compositions of human remains ยป 248
V.7 Bone pathologies on the human remains ยป 251
V.8 Conclusions (F. Balossi Restelli and Y.S. Erdal) ยป 255
CHAPTER VI - LATE CHALCOLITHIC ANIMAL EXPLOITATION AT ARSLANTEPE
(L. BARTOSIEWICZ) ยป 260
VI.1 Introduction ยป 260
VI.2 Material and methods ยป 261
VI.2.1 Sub-divisions of the material ยป 262
VI.2.2 Taxonomic diversity and assemblage size ยป 265
VI.2.3 Methodological considerations ยป 265
VI.3 Taphonomic aspects ยป 266
VI.3.1 Deposition ยป 266
VI.3.2 Fragmentation ยป 266
VI.4 Taxonomic evaluation ยป 269
Table of contents 7
VI.4.1 Livestock and large game ยป 269
VI.4.2 Synthetic evaluation of economically important taxa ยป 271
VI.4.3 Dog ยป 272
VI.4.4 Herbivorous game ยป 273
VI.4.5 Horses ยป 275
VI.4.6 Carnivorous game ยป 277
VI.4.7 Insectivores ยป 281
VI.4.8 Birds ยป 283
VI.4.9 Poikilotherm animals ยป 283
VI.4.10 Ageing domestic animals ยป 285
VI.4.11 Anatomical evaluation ยป 288
VI.5 Discussion ยป 290
VI.5.1 Environmental considerations ยป 290
VI.5.2 Socio-economic aspects ยป 291
VI.5.3 Nature or nurture? ยป 292
VI.6. Conclusions ยป 293
Appendix ยป 295
CHAPTER VII - PLANT REMAINS FROM ARSLANTEPE LATE CHALCOLITHIC 3-4
(L. SADORI, A. MASI, C. VIGNOLA, F. BALOSSI RESTELLI) ยป 304
VII.1 Introduction ยป 304
VII.2 Environment around Arslantepe ยป 305
VII.3 Materials and methods ยป 306
VII.4 Results ยป 307
VII.4.1 Carpological remains ยป 307
VII.4.2 Charcoal remains ยป 307
VII.4.3 D13C and D15N values ยป 309
VII.5 Discussion and conclusion ยป 309
CHAPTER VIII โ LATE CHALCOLITHIC 3-4 POTTERY- THE WARES ยป 318
VIII.1 Sampling, recording, study choices ยป 318
VIII.2 General features of the Late Chalcolithic 3-4 pottery and ware classification ยป 319
VIII.3 Hand made pottery - Domestic production ยป 323
VIII.3.1 CC (Ceramica scura fatta a mano, or Ceramica Comune) ยป 325
VIII.3.2 IC (Impasto Chiara) ยป 328
VII.3.3 BBW โ MBW โ RBBW (Black Burnished, Monochrome Burnished, Red-Black
Burnished Ware) ยป 328
VIII.4 Specialised pottery manufacture - Wheel fashioned and wheel made Pottery ยป 329
VIII.4.1 TGC (Tornita Grezza Chaf) ยป 335
VIII.4.2 TLC (Tornita Lisciata Chaf) ยป 335
VIII.4.3 RIB (Rossa Ingubbiata Brunita) ยป 335
VIII.4.4 CT (Cucina Tornita) ยป 337
VIII.4.5 FT (Fine Tornita) ยป 337
VIII.5 Chronological distribution of ware classes ยป 338
8 F. Balossi Restelli
CHAPTER IX - ARCHAEOMETRIC CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE INVESTIGATION OF
POTTERY CRAFTSWORK AND EARTHEN CONSTRUCTION (P. FRAGNOLI AND G. LIBEROTTI) ยป 344
IX.1 The Introduction of the pottery wheel in Arslantepe Period VII: Integrated
observations on a micro-, meso- and macroscale level (P. Fragnoli) ยป 344
IX.1.1 Micro-patterns under the polarizing microscope: preliminary observations on forming
procedures ยป 344
IX.1.2 Macroscopic classiication of mass-produced bowls (TGC) into manufacturing types ยป 349
IX.2 (Re)Defining ceramic wares and spheres of production at Arslantepe period VII. The
contribution of petrographic and geochemical analyses (P. Fragnoli) ยป 356
IX.2.1 Minero-petrographic analysis ยป 357
IX.2.2 XRF-WDS geochemical analysis ยป 360
IX.2.3 Discussion of the results in terms of operational sequence and craft organization ยป 361
IX.2.4 Concluding remarks ยป 365
IX. 3 Cross-craft strategies in raw material procurement: ceramics, mud bricks and other
clay-based artefacts (P. Fragnoli and G. Liberotti) ยป 366
IX.3.1 Introduction ยป 366
IX.3.2 Preliminary data ยป 367
IX.3.3 Sample selection and analytical procedures ยป 369
IX.3.4 Geochemical results ยป 370
IX.3.4.1 Spider diagrams and bivariate plots on major and minor elements ยป 370
IX.3.4.2 Statistical elaboration: principal component analysis ยป 374
IX.3.5 Discussion ยป 376
CHAPTER X - LATE CHALCOLITHIC 3-4 POTTERY. THE SHAPES ยป 382
X.1 Methods and aims of the morphological analysis of pottery ยป 382
X.2 Criteria of classification ยป 384
X.2.1 Functional Groups ยป 385
X.3 Typological description and frequencies ยป 397
X.3.1 A - Globular Jars ยป 397
X.3.2 B - Large Globular Jars ยป 405
X.3.2 C - Small Jars with narrow neck ยป 410
X.3.4 D and E โ Medium and Large sized narrow necked jars ยป 413
X.3.5 Narrow necked large and medium jars, some observations ยป 422
X.3.6 F - Pithoi ยป 425
X.3.9 G - Bowls and Basins ยป 428
X.3.10 Some observation on the Mass Produced Bowls ยป 445
X.3.11 H - Beakers ยป 448
X.3.12 I - Stemmed bowls ยป 455
X.3.13 L - Lids ยป 457
X. 3.14 Funnels ยป 458
X.3.15 Typology: a summary and chronological evaluation of types ยป 458
X.4 The typology of the FT โ Fine and wheel turned ware (Fine tornita) ยป 462
X.5 RBBW, MBW and BBW โ Red Black Burnished Ware and its relations with the BBW
and MBW ยป 465
X.6 Unique vessels ยป 470
X.7 Potterโs Marks ยป 473
X.8 Specialisation and Standardisation of ceramic production ยป 484
X.9 Transformation and changes in later VI A period pottery ยป 486
Table of contents 9
X.10 Interregional framework and relations of Arslantepe VII on the basis of the ceramics ยป 492
X.11 Typology Catalogue ยป 499
CHAPTER XI - OBSERVATIONS ON THE USE OF THE POTTERY ยป 516
XI.1 Wide mouthed Globular Jars (A and B) ยป 517
XI.2 Narrow necked jars (C, D, E) ยป 521
XI.3 Pithoi ยป 522
XI.4 Bowls, Basins and Stemmed bowls ยป 523
XI.5 Beakers ยป 524
XI.6 Morphology and Function at Arslantepe VII ยป 525
CHAPTER XII - IN SITU DISTRIBUTION OF PORTABLE ARTEFACTS AND THE USE OF
SPACE ยป 528
XII.1 Position makes the difference ยป 528
XII.2 In situ artefacts in the NE Sector ยป 531
XII.3 In Situ Artefacts in Area D5 ยป 543
XII.3.1 D5 1 - A923 ยป 543
XII.3.2 Phase D5 2 ยป 547
XII.3.3 Phase D5 3 ยป 551
XII.3.4 Phases D5 4 and 5 ยป 551
XII.4 In Situ Artefacts in Area SW ยป 552
XII.4.1 Phase of Abandonment, last use of area ยป 552
XII.4.1.1 K680 ยป 552
XII.4.1.2 K1215 ยป 552
XII.4.1.3 K1914 ยป 555
XII.4.2 Phase SW 1 ยป 559
XII.4.2.1 Building XXIX - Temple C ยป 559
XII.4.2.2 Behind Temple C ยป 581
XII.4.2.3 Temple D ยป 590
XII.4.2.4 Building XLVIII - the โLong Roomsโ ยป 591
XII.4.2.5 he open area and round houses north of Building XLVIII ยป 609
XII.4.3 Phase SW 2 ยป 612
XII.4.4 Phase SW 3 ยป 621
XII.4.4.1 Building XXV ยป 625
XII.4.4.2 he Buildings to the south ยป 637
XII.5 Analysis of activities and daily practices on the basis of artefact distribution in
different contexts ยป 638
XII.5.1 Food Manipulation ยป 639
XII.5.2 Food Consumption ยป 642
XII.5.3 Food Serving and Storage ยป 646
XII.6 Artefact distribution in elite and non-elite domestic areas. A comparison ยป 647
XII.7 Artefact distribution in External Areas ยป 649
XII.8 Artefact distribution in Public and Ceremonial areas ยป 649
10 F. Balossi Restelli
CHAPTER XIII - COMPLEXITY OF SOCIETY IN ARSLANTEPE VII. THE LATE
CHALCOLITHIC OF THE MALATYA PLAIN AND ITS RELATIONS WITH THE
DEVELOPMENTS OF 4TH MILLENNIUM MESOPOTAMIA ยป 652
XIII.I Continuity and change in Arslantepe VII ยป 652
XIII.2 The steps to complexity ยป 655
XIII.3 Eastern Anatolia within the context of Greater Mesopotamia ยป 658
XIII.4 Open issues ยป 661
TURKISH SUMMARY ยป 662
BIBLIOGRAPHY ยป 682
ARSLANTEPE. Scavi e Ricerche ad Arslantepe-Malatya -ย Excavations and Researches at Arslantepe-Malatya
Marcella Frangipane editor
Volume pubblicato con finanziamenti del Ministero Universitร e Ricerca, e del Ministero degli Affari Esteri e Cooperazione Internazionale. Le attivitร di ricerca in preparazione del presente volume sono state in parte supportate dalla Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung.
This volume has been published with the financial support of the Italian Ministry of University and Research and of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation. Research in preparation of this volume has been partly supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung.
ยฉ Copyright by Missione Archeologica Italiana nellโAnatolia Orientale, Universitร Sapienza di Roma
Arslantepe Series, published and planned volumes:
Vol. I: Arslantepe-Malatya. The University of Rome archaeological project and the millenarian history of the site.
Vol. II: Arslantepe. Period VII. The Development of a ceremonial/political centre in the first half of the fourth millennium BC (Late Chalcolithic 3-4), Francesca Balossi Restelli.
Vol. III: Arslantepe. Period VII. Crafts and Specialisation in the first half of the fourth millennium BC (Late Chalcolithic 3-4).
Vol. IV: Arslantepe. Period VII. The origin of centralised administration in a public ceremonial context.
Vol. V: Arslantepe, Cretulae - An early centralised administrative system before writing, M. Frangipane (ed.) (published 2007).
Vol. VI: Arslantepe, Period VI A - A highly centralised palatial society at the end of the fourth millennium BC (LC 5) (in preparation).
Vol. VII: Arslantepe, Period VI A โ The Ceramic Assemblage of Arslantepe VI A and its Significance in Food Related Practices (in preparation).
Vol. VIII: Die Siedlung der Mittelbronzezeit von Arslantepe. Eine Zentralsiedlung von Beginn des zweiten Jahrtausends v.Chr. in der Ebene von Malatya (Tรผrkei), G.M. Di Nocera (published 1998).
Vol. IX: Arslantepe. Late Bronze Age. Hittite Influence and Local Traditions in an Eastern Anatolian Community, F. Manuelli (published in 2013).
Vol. X: Arslantepe. Archaeometry 1. Compositional and technological characterization of pottery and clay-based artefacts (in preparation).
Sapienza Universitร di Roma -ย Dipartimento di Scienze dellโAntichitร
ARSLANTEPE vol. II
PERIOD VII -ย THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CEREMONIAL/POLITICAL CENTRE IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE FOURTH MILLENNIUM BCE (LATE CHALCOLITHIC 3-4)
Francesca Balossi Restelli
Volume rilegato in tela verde con impressioni in argento e sovraccoperta, in 4ยฐ, 713 pp., ill.ni b/n e coll. 3 tavv. ripiegate f.t.
Arslantepe II - Period VII.
The Development of a Ceremonial/Political Centre in the first half of
the fourth millennium BCE (Late Chalcolithic 3-4)
Francesca Balossi Restelli
With contributions of C. Alvaro, L. Bartosiewicz, S. Cereda, Y.S.
Erdal, P. Fragnoli, M. Frangipane, G. Liberotti, A. Masi, C. Vignola.
Editor of the series is M. Frangipane
120 euro
Hardcover
713 pages
ISBN 978-88-31341-11-0
TABLE O F CONTENTS
PREFACE/PREFAZIONE (M. FRANGIPANE) Pag. 11
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ยป 15
INTRODUCTION ยป 17
CHAPTER I - PERIOD VII AT ARSLANTEPE ยป 19
I.1 General Sequence and main characters of the settlement in relation with the overall
occupation at Arslantepe ยป 19
I.1.1 he Dimensions of the Period VII mound ยป 24
I.2 Excavation results: stratigraphy and architecture ยป 24
I.2.1 he North-Eastern Sector: Area C3 (E1-E15) ยป 24
I.2.2 he South-Western Sector: Areas D6-E6-C7-D7 ยป 38
I.2.2.1 SW, VII 1a-b ยป 28
I. 2.2.2 SW VII, 2a ยป 85
I 2.2.3 SW VII, 2b ยป 89
I 2.2.4 SW VII, 3a ยป 93
I 2.2.5 SW VII, 3b ยป 106
I 2.2.6 SW Period VII selected midden pits ยป 108
I.2.3 he Southern Sector: Area B-C 9 ยป 110
I.2.4 he North-Western Sector: Area D5 ยป 110
I.2.4.1 D5 1 ยป 111
I.2.4.2 D5 2 ยป 111
I.2.4.3 D5 3 ยป 116
I.2.4.4 D5 4 ยป 117
I.2.4.5 D5 5 ยป 122
I.3 The built space and its use. Open and Closed spaces, private and shared areas, and fixed
installations ยป 125
I.3.1 Ovens ยป 129
I.3.2 Hearths and andirons ยป 133
I.3.3 Other built installations ยป 136
I.4 Wall Paintings ยป 136
CHAPTER II - ABSOLUTE CHRONOLOGY OF PERIOD VII ยป 142
II.1 Arslantepe VII Radiocarbon Dates ยป 142
II.2 Late Chalcolithic 3-4 absolute chronology of Upper Mesopotamian contemporary sites ยป 144
CHAPTER III โ ARCHITECTURAL ATTRIBUTES OF PUBLIC AND DOMESTIC
BUILDINGS IN PERIOD VII (C. ALVARO AND G. LIBEROTTI) ยป 148
III.1 Temple C. Architectural analysis (C. Alvaro) ยป 148
III.1.1 General Description ยป 150
III.1.2 he Platform ยป 155
6 F. Balossi Restelli
III.1.3 he Quarry and the Construction Site ยป 165
III.1.4 he shaping of the building ยป 169
III.2 Domestic architecture in Late Chalcolithic Arslantepe (G. Liberotti) ยป 171
III.2.1 Wall thickness, stone foundation and brickwork ยป 173
III.2.2 Size of rooms and buildings ยป 175
III.2.3 Access patterns and orientation ยป 177
III.2.4 he building materials ยป 183
III.2.5 Conclusion and discussion ยป 187
CHAPTER IV โ ASSEMBLAGE OF CRETULAE FROM THE END OF PERIOD VII:
ADMINISTERED REDISTRIBUTION IN CEREMONIAL CONTEXTS. PRELIMINARY
REMARKS (M. FRANGIPANE WITH CONTRIBUTION BY S. CEREDA) ยป 190
IV.1 The contexts (M. Frangipane) ยป 190
IV.1.1 he assemblage of cretulae from Temple C ยป 192
IV.1.2 he assemblage of cretulae from Temple D ยป 196
IV.1.3 he assemblage of cretulae from A850 ยป 203
IV.1.4 Groups of cretulae in two pits ยป 205
IV.2 The function of cretulae: Preliminary remarks on the sealed objects ยป 205
IV.3 Some general remarks on period VII glyptics ยป 211
IV.4 A few concluding remarks ยป 214
Appendix: Micromorphological analyses from the floor of the main room in Temple D:
reconstruction of activities and rebuilding phases (S. Cereda) ยป 216
CHAPTER V - LATE CHALCOLITHIC BURIALS AND FUNERARY RITUALS (F. BALOSSI
RESTELLI AND Y.S. ERDAL) ยป 222
V.1 The context of the burials (F. Balossi Restelli) ยป 222
V.2 The funerary and ritual area in level SW 1b ยป 225
V.3 Burial types and depositions ยป 236
V. 4 Burial goods ยป 237
V.5 Bioarchaeological analysis of human bones in period VII (Y.S. Erdal) ยป 241
V.6 Demographic compositions of human remains ยป 248
V.7 Bone pathologies on the human remains ยป 251
V.8 Conclusions (F. Balossi Restelli and Y.S. Erdal) ยป 255
CHAPTER VI - LATE CHALCOLITHIC ANIMAL EXPLOITATION AT ARSLANTEPE
(L. BARTOSIEWICZ) ยป 260
VI.1 Introduction ยป 260
VI.2 Material and methods ยป 261
VI.2.1 Sub-divisions of the material ยป 262
VI.2.2 Taxonomic diversity and assemblage size ยป 265
VI.2.3 Methodological considerations ยป 265
VI.3 Taphonomic aspects ยป 266
VI.3.1 Deposition ยป 266
VI.3.2 Fragmentation ยป 266
VI.4 Taxonomic evaluation ยป 269
Table of contents 7
VI.4.1 Livestock and large game ยป 269
VI.4.2 Synthetic evaluation of economically important taxa ยป 271
VI.4.3 Dog ยป 272
VI.4.4 Herbivorous game ยป 273
VI.4.5 Horses ยป 275
VI.4.6 Carnivorous game ยป 277
VI.4.7 Insectivores ยป 281
VI.4.8 Birds ยป 283
VI.4.9 Poikilotherm animals ยป 283
VI.4.10 Ageing domestic animals ยป 285
VI.4.11 Anatomical evaluation ยป 288
VI.5 Discussion ยป 290
VI.5.1 Environmental considerations ยป 290
VI.5.2 Socio-economic aspects ยป 291
VI.5.3 Nature or nurture? ยป 292
VI.6. Conclusions ยป 293
Appendix ยป 295
CHAPTER VII - PLANT REMAINS FROM ARSLANTEPE LATE CHALCOLITHIC 3-4
(L. SADORI, A. MASI, C. VIGNOLA, F. BALOSSI RESTELLI) ยป 304
VII.1 Introduction ยป 304
VII.2 Environment around Arslantepe ยป 305
VII.3 Materials and methods ยป 306
VII.4 Results ยป 307
VII.4.1 Carpological remains ยป 307
VII.4.2 Charcoal remains ยป 307
VII.4.3 D13C and D15N values ยป 309
VII.5 Discussion and conclusion ยป 309
CHAPTER VIII โ LATE CHALCOLITHIC 3-4 POTTERY- THE WARES ยป 318
VIII.1 Sampling, recording, study choices ยป 318
VIII.2 General features of the Late Chalcolithic 3-4 pottery and ware classification ยป 319
VIII.3 Hand made pottery - Domestic production ยป 323
VIII.3.1 CC (Ceramica scura fatta a mano, or Ceramica Comune) ยป 325
VIII.3.2 IC (Impasto Chiara) ยป 328
VII.3.3 BBW โ MBW โ RBBW (Black Burnished, Monochrome Burnished, Red-Black
Burnished Ware) ยป 328
VIII.4 Specialised pottery manufacture - Wheel fashioned and wheel made Pottery ยป 329
VIII.4.1 TGC (Tornita Grezza Chaf) ยป 335
VIII.4.2 TLC (Tornita Lisciata Chaf) ยป 335
VIII.4.3 RIB (Rossa Ingubbiata Brunita) ยป 335
VIII.4.4 CT (Cucina Tornita) ยป 337
VIII.4.5 FT (Fine Tornita) ยป 337
VIII.5 Chronological distribution of ware classes ยป 338
8 F. Balossi Restelli
CHAPTER IX - ARCHAEOMETRIC CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE INVESTIGATION OF
POTTERY CRAFTSWORK AND EARTHEN CONSTRUCTION (P. FRAGNOLI AND G. LIBEROTTI) ยป 344
IX.1 The Introduction of the pottery wheel in Arslantepe Period VII: Integrated
observations on a micro-, meso- and macroscale level (P. Fragnoli) ยป 344
IX.1.1 Micro-patterns under the polarizing microscope: preliminary observations on forming
procedures ยป 344
IX.1.2 Macroscopic classiication of mass-produced bowls (TGC) into manufacturing types ยป 349
IX.2 (Re)Defining ceramic wares and spheres of production at Arslantepe period VII. The
contribution of petrographic and geochemical analyses (P. Fragnoli) ยป 356
IX.2.1 Minero-petrographic analysis ยป 357
IX.2.2 XRF-WDS geochemical analysis ยป 360
IX.2.3 Discussion of the results in terms of operational sequence and craft organization ยป 361
IX.2.4 Concluding remarks ยป 365
IX. 3 Cross-craft strategies in raw material procurement: ceramics, mud bricks and other
clay-based artefacts (P. Fragnoli and G. Liberotti) ยป 366
IX.3.1 Introduction ยป 366
IX.3.2 Preliminary data ยป 367
IX.3.3 Sample selection and analytical procedures ยป 369
IX.3.4 Geochemical results ยป 370
IX.3.4.1 Spider diagrams and bivariate plots on major and minor elements ยป 370
IX.3.4.2 Statistical elaboration: principal component analysis ยป 374
IX.3.5 Discussion ยป 376
CHAPTER X - LATE CHALCOLITHIC 3-4 POTTERY. THE SHAPES ยป 382
X.1 Methods and aims of the morphological analysis of pottery ยป 382
X.2 Criteria of classification ยป 384
X.2.1 Functional Groups ยป 385
X.3 Typological description and frequencies ยป 397
X.3.1 A - Globular Jars ยป 397
X.3.2 B - Large Globular Jars ยป 405
X.3.2 C - Small Jars with narrow neck ยป 410
X.3.4 D and E โ Medium and Large sized narrow necked jars ยป 413
X.3.5 Narrow necked large and medium jars, some observations ยป 422
X.3.6 F - Pithoi ยป 425
X.3.9 G - Bowls and Basins ยป 428
X.3.10 Some observation on the Mass Produced Bowls ยป 445
X.3.11 H - Beakers ยป 448
X.3.12 I - Stemmed bowls ยป 455
X.3.13 L - Lids ยป 457
X. 3.14 Funnels ยป 458
X.3.15 Typology: a summary and chronological evaluation of types ยป 458
X.4 The typology of the FT โ Fine and wheel turned ware (Fine tornita) ยป 462
X.5 RBBW, MBW and BBW โ Red Black Burnished Ware and its relations with the BBW
and MBW ยป 465
X.6 Unique vessels ยป 470
X.7 Potterโs Marks ยป 473
X.8 Specialisation and Standardisation of ceramic production ยป 484
X.9 Transformation and changes in later VI A period pottery ยป 486
Table of contents 9
X.10 Interregional framework and relations of Arslantepe VII on the basis of the ceramics ยป 492
X.11 Typology Catalogue ยป 499
CHAPTER XI - OBSERVATIONS ON THE USE OF THE POTTERY ยป 516
XI.1 Wide mouthed Globular Jars (A and B) ยป 517
XI.2 Narrow necked jars (C, D, E) ยป 521
XI.3 Pithoi ยป 522
XI.4 Bowls, Basins and Stemmed bowls ยป 523
XI.5 Beakers ยป 524
XI.6 Morphology and Function at Arslantepe VII ยป 525
CHAPTER XII - IN SITU DISTRIBUTION OF PORTABLE ARTEFACTS AND THE USE OF
SPACE ยป 528
XII.1 Position makes the difference ยป 528
XII.2 In situ artefacts in the NE Sector ยป 531
XII.3 In Situ Artefacts in Area D5 ยป 543
XII.3.1 D5 1 - A923 ยป 543
XII.3.2 Phase D5 2 ยป 547
XII.3.3 Phase D5 3 ยป 551
XII.3.4 Phases D5 4 and 5 ยป 551
XII.4 In Situ Artefacts in Area SW ยป 552
XII.4.1 Phase of Abandonment, last use of area ยป 552
XII.4.1.1 K680 ยป 552
XII.4.1.2 K1215 ยป 552
XII.4.1.3 K1914 ยป 555
XII.4.2 Phase SW 1 ยป 559
XII.4.2.1 Building XXIX - Temple C ยป 559
XII.4.2.2 Behind Temple C ยป 581
XII.4.2.3 Temple D ยป 590
XII.4.2.4 Building XLVIII - the โLong Roomsโ ยป 591
XII.4.2.5 he open area and round houses north of Building XLVIII ยป 609
XII.4.3 Phase SW 2 ยป 612
XII.4.4 Phase SW 3 ยป 621
XII.4.4.1 Building XXV ยป 625
XII.4.4.2 he Buildings to the south ยป 637
XII.5 Analysis of activities and daily practices on the basis of artefact distribution in
different contexts ยป 638
XII.5.1 Food Manipulation ยป 639
XII.5.2 Food Consumption ยป 642
XII.5.3 Food Serving and Storage ยป 646
XII.6 Artefact distribution in elite and non-elite domestic areas. A comparison ยป 647
XII.7 Artefact distribution in External Areas ยป 649
XII.8 Artefact distribution in Public and Ceremonial areas ยป 649
10 F. Balossi Restelli
CHAPTER XIII - COMPLEXITY OF SOCIETY IN ARSLANTEPE VII. THE LATE
CHALCOLITHIC OF THE MALATYA PLAIN AND ITS RELATIONS WITH THE
DEVELOPMENTS OF 4TH MILLENNIUM MESOPOTAMIA ยป 652
XIII.I Continuity and change in Arslantepe VII ยป 652
XIII.2 The steps to complexity ยป 655
XIII.3 Eastern Anatolia within the context of Greater Mesopotamia ยป 658
XIII.4 Open issues ยป 661
TURKISH SUMMARY ยป 662
BIBLIOGRAPHY ยป 682
ARSLANTEPE. Scavi e Ricerche ad Arslantepe-Malatya -ย Excavations and Researches at Arslantepe-Malatya
Marcella Frangipane editor
Volume pubblicato con finanziamenti del Ministero Universitร e Ricerca, e del Ministero degli Affari Esteri e Cooperazione Internazionale. Le attivitร di ricerca in preparazione del presente volume sono state in parte supportate dalla Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung.
This volume has been published with the financial support of the Italian Ministry of University and Research and of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation. Research in preparation of this volume has been partly supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung.
ยฉ Copyright by Missione Archeologica Italiana nellโAnatolia Orientale, Universitร Sapienza di Roma
Arslantepe Series, published and planned volumes:
Vol. I: Arslantepe-Malatya. The University of Rome archaeological project and the millenarian history of the site.
Vol. II: Arslantepe. Period VII. The Development of a ceremonial/political centre in the first half of the fourth millennium BC (Late Chalcolithic 3-4), Francesca Balossi Restelli.
Vol. III: Arslantepe. Period VII. Crafts and Specialisation in the first half of the fourth millennium BC (Late Chalcolithic 3-4).
Vol. IV: Arslantepe. Period VII. The origin of centralised administration in a public ceremonial context.
Vol. V: Arslantepe, Cretulae - An early centralised administrative system before writing, M. Frangipane (ed.) (published 2007).
Vol. VI: Arslantepe, Period VI A - A highly centralised palatial society at the end of the fourth millennium BC (LC 5) (in preparation).
Vol. VII: Arslantepe, Period VI A โ The Ceramic Assemblage of Arslantepe VI A and its Significance in Food Related Practices (in preparation).
Vol. VIII: Die Siedlung der Mittelbronzezeit von Arslantepe. Eine Zentralsiedlung von Beginn des zweiten Jahrtausends v.Chr. in der Ebene von Malatya (Tรผrkei), G.M. Di Nocera (published 1998).
Vol. IX: Arslantepe. Late Bronze Age. Hittite Influence and Local Traditions in an Eastern Anatolian Community, F. Manuelli (published in 2013).
Vol. X: Arslantepe. Archaeometry 1. Compositional and technological characterization of pottery and clay-based artefacts (in preparation).
